SVG Graphics Geometry
Guide
css-matrix
Guide
css-matrix
  • Part 0. SVG 기초

    • SVG란 무엇인가
    • viewBox와 user space
    • transform attribute와 matrix
    • SVG 문서 구조와 기본 도형
  • Part 1. Path grammar

    • path d 명령어 — M, L, Z
    • H, V — 축 정렬 직선
    • C — cubic Bézier
    • Q — quadratic Bézier
    • S, T — smooth continuation
    • A — elliptical arc
    • path bounding box
  • Part 2. Stroke geometry

    • 점에서 stroke까지의 거리
    • join, cap, miter limit
    • stroke align과 outline 개념
    • miter length 공식
  • Part 3. Fill rules

    • nonzero vs evenodd
    • fill hit testing
  • Part 4. Path sampling

    • flatten tolerance
    • path length
    • point at length와 tangent
  • Part 5. Paint servers

    • linearGradient 좌표
    • clipPath와 mask 개념
  • Part 6. Path editor capstone

    • path handle 모델
    • handle hit testing
    • handle drag로 segment 갱신
    • mini path editor — SVG round-trip
  • Part 7. Fill & winding deep dive

    • winding vs ray casting
    • compound path — 여러 subpath
    • self-intersection
    • path boolean
    • fill vs stroke hit 우선순위
    • scanline parity
  • Part 8. Pattern & gradient

    • radialGradient
    • pattern tile
    • gradientUnits와 spreadMethod
  • Part 9. SVG filter & Figma effects

    • Figma DROP_SHADOW → SVG filter
    • filter chain 개요
    • blur · offset · merge
    • inner shadow
    • layer blur vs background blur
    • Figma effect 매핑표 전체
  • Part 10. Figma ↔ SVG bridge

    • vector network vs path d
    • fill · stroke export
    • boolean operations export
    • mask · clip export
  • Part 11. Icon design

    • pixel grid · optical alignment
    • fill vs stroke icons
    • symbol · sprite · currentColor
    • path simplification
  • Appendix A. SVG in CSS

    • currentColor · CSS theming
    • sprite data URI
    • SVG optimization pipeline
  • Appendix B. Engine extras

    • dash offset animation
    • adaptive flatten
    • arc → cubic 변환
    • multi-subpath editing
  • Part 12. Foundations primer

    • capability map
    • coordinate stack
  • Part 13. Figma ↔ SVG (deep)

    • Figma paint gap map
    • radial · angular gradient export
    • image · pattern fill
    • stroke align export
    • blend mode · layer opacity
  • Part 14. SVG spec breadth

    • markers — 화살표와 dash 끝
    • text · textPath
    • paint-order · opacity · filters
    • arc flatten 통합
  • Part 15. Curve calculus

    • de Casteljau subdivision
    • flatness와 chord error
    • 곡률 κ와 법선
    • arc center parameterization
    • G¹ smooth — S와 T
    • shoelace signed area
  • Part 16. Intersection & proximity

    • segment intersection
    • line ∩ cubic · curve ∩ curve
    • closest point on curve
  • Part 17. Offset curves

    • normal offset sampling
    • offset cusps
  • Part 18. Transform algebra

    • affine inverse & decompose
    • transform path vs group
  • Part 19. Rational curves

    • circle as cubic — κ constant
    • rational curves & exact arcs
  • Part 20. Tessellation & pixels

    • convex triangulation · ear clipping
    • evenodd parity → pixels
  • Part 21. Compositing math

    • Gaussian blur kernel
    • Porter–Duff & premultiplied α
  • Part 22. Math topic map

    • SVG 수학 주제 지도
  • Part 23. SVG animation

    • SMIL — animate 속성
    • SMIL — animateTransform
    • SMIL — animateMotion
    • stroke dash draw-on
    • CSS offset-path motion
    • path morph
    • JS motion along path
  • Part 24. Motion precision

    • uniform speed along path
    • cubic–cubic intersection
    • SVGPathElement length API
    • SMIL keyTimes & keySplines
    • degree elevation Q→C
  • Part 25. GPU mesh & WAAPI

    • triangulation with holes
    • WAAPI + SVG attributes
    • evenodd fill + triangle mesh

closest point on curve

점 P에서 곡선까지 최단거리와 foot point(곡선 위 최근접점)는 stroke hit·스냅·치수·거리 읽기의 공통 형태입니다. 교차(075)와 달리 “곡선 위 어디가 가장 가까운가”만 묻습니다.

cubic — closestPointOnCubic

import { closestPointOnCubic } from "svg-matrix-core";

const { t, point, distance } = closestPointOnCubic(P, p0, p1, p2, p3, {
  samples: 48
});

2단계 (core)

  1. Coarse — t ∈ [0,1]을 samples등분, distanceSquared 최소인 bestT
  2. Refine — bestT ± span을 8회 좁혀 감 (이분에 가까운 국소 탐색)

S형 곡선처럼 coarse만으로는 잘못된 국소 최소에 걸릴 수 있어 samples: 48 이상을 권장합니다.

quadratic

import { closestPointOnQuadratic } from "svg-matrix-core";

동일 패턴, control 점 하나 적음.

직선 segment

import { distancePointToSegment } from "svg-matrix-core";
// { distance, t, point } — [004](./lesson-004.md) stroke hit

stroke hit = closest + threshold

004 전체 루프:

import { parsePathD, closestPointOnCubic } from "svg-matrix-core";

let best = { distance: Infinity, point: null, t: 0 };

for (const seg of parsePathD(pathD)) {
  if (seg.type === "C") {
    const r = closestPointOnCubic(P, seg.from, seg.cp1, seg.cp2, seg.to, { samples: 64 });
    if (r.distance < best.distance) best = r;
  }
  // L → distancePointToSegment
}

const hit = best.distance <= strokeWidth / 2;
실수결과
cubic을 polyline으로만 근사 후 거리hit 밴드 어긋남
samples 너무 작음S곡선에서 miss
world/local 혼동079 unproject 누락

vs 접선 / 법선

018 pointAtPathLength의 tangent는 flatten polyline 방향.
법선·곡률은 070 cubicNormalAt — foot point와 직교하는 “진짜” 법선.

데모에서 볼 것

  • 빨간 점 — query P
  • 파란 점 — closestPointOnCubic foot
  • 주황 선 — 거리 distance (readout에 숫자)

Core API

  • closestPointOnCubic, closestPointOnQuadratic
  • distancePointToSegment — geometry.js / index.js

관련

  • 004 stroke hit · 096 intersection

오늘의 핵심

stroke hit = 모든 segment에 closest, 최솟값이 strokeWidth/2 이하인지. cubic은 반드시 closestPointOnCubic — flatten polyline 거리로 대체하지 마세요.

최근 수정: 26. 5. 17. PM 4:35
Contributors: jinho.park.s3, Cursor
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