SVG Graphics Geometry
Guide
css-matrix
Guide
css-matrix
  • Part 0. SVG 기초

    • SVG란 무엇인가
    • viewBox와 user space
    • transform attribute와 matrix
    • SVG 문서 구조와 기본 도형
  • Part 1. Path grammar

    • path d 명령어 — M, L, Z
    • H, V — 축 정렬 직선
    • C — cubic Bézier
    • Q — quadratic Bézier
    • S, T — smooth continuation
    • A — elliptical arc
    • path bounding box
  • Part 2. Stroke geometry

    • 점에서 stroke까지의 거리
    • join, cap, miter limit
    • stroke align과 outline 개념
    • miter length 공식
  • Part 3. Fill rules

    • nonzero vs evenodd
    • fill hit testing
  • Part 4. Path sampling

    • flatten tolerance
    • path length
    • point at length와 tangent
  • Part 5. Paint servers

    • linearGradient 좌표
    • clipPath와 mask 개념
  • Part 6. Path editor capstone

    • path handle 모델
    • handle hit testing
    • handle drag로 segment 갱신
    • mini path editor — SVG round-trip
  • Part 7. Fill & winding deep dive

    • winding vs ray casting
    • compound path — 여러 subpath
    • self-intersection
    • path boolean
    • fill vs stroke hit 우선순위
    • scanline parity
  • Part 8. Pattern & gradient

    • radialGradient
    • pattern tile
    • gradientUnits와 spreadMethod
  • Part 9. SVG filter & Figma effects

    • Figma DROP_SHADOW → SVG filter
    • filter chain 개요
    • blur · offset · merge
    • inner shadow
    • layer blur vs background blur
    • Figma effect 매핑표 전체
  • Part 10. Figma ↔ SVG bridge

    • vector network vs path d
    • fill · stroke export
    • boolean operations export
    • mask · clip export
  • Part 11. Icon design

    • pixel grid · optical alignment
    • fill vs stroke icons
    • symbol · sprite · currentColor
    • path simplification
  • Appendix A. SVG in CSS

    • currentColor · CSS theming
    • sprite data URI
    • SVG optimization pipeline
  • Appendix B. Engine extras

    • dash offset animation
    • adaptive flatten
    • arc → cubic 변환
    • multi-subpath editing
  • Part 12. Foundations primer

    • capability map
    • coordinate stack
  • Part 13. Figma ↔ SVG (deep)

    • Figma paint gap map
    • radial · angular gradient export
    • image · pattern fill
    • stroke align export
    • blend mode · layer opacity
  • Part 14. SVG spec breadth

    • markers — 화살표와 dash 끝
    • text · textPath
    • paint-order · opacity · filters
    • arc flatten 통합
  • Part 15. Curve calculus

    • de Casteljau subdivision
    • flatness와 chord error
    • 곡률 κ와 법선
    • arc center parameterization
    • G¹ smooth — S와 T
    • shoelace signed area
  • Part 16. Intersection & proximity

    • segment intersection
    • line ∩ cubic · curve ∩ curve
    • closest point on curve
  • Part 17. Offset curves

    • normal offset sampling
    • offset cusps
  • Part 18. Transform algebra

    • affine inverse & decompose
    • transform path vs group
  • Part 19. Rational curves

    • circle as cubic — κ constant
    • rational curves & exact arcs
  • Part 20. Tessellation & pixels

    • convex triangulation · ear clipping
    • evenodd parity → pixels
  • Part 21. Compositing math

    • Gaussian blur kernel
    • Porter–Duff & premultiplied α
  • Part 22. Math topic map

    • SVG 수학 주제 지도
  • Part 23. SVG animation

    • SMIL — animate 속성
    • SMIL — animateTransform
    • SMIL — animateMotion
    • stroke dash draw-on
    • CSS offset-path motion
    • path morph
    • JS motion along path
  • Part 24. Motion precision

    • uniform speed along path
    • cubic–cubic intersection
    • SVGPathElement length API
    • SMIL keyTimes & keySplines
    • degree elevation Q→C
  • Part 25. GPU mesh & WAAPI

    • triangulation with holes
    • WAAPI + SVG attributes
    • evenodd fill + triangle mesh

shoelace signed area

닫힌 polygon의 signed area(부호 있는 면적)는 shoelace(신발끈) 공식으로 O(n)에 구합니다. winding 방향(CCW/CW)과 면적 UI·hole 처리·ear clip의 부호에 직결됩니다.

공식

꼭짓점 (x0,y0)…(xn-1,yn-1) (닫힌 ring):

A = (1/2) Σᵢ (xᵢ·yᵢ₊₁ − xᵢ₊₁·yᵢ)
import { shoelaceArea } from "svg-matrix-core";

const polygon = [
  { x: 180, y: 80 },
  { x: 460, y: 100 },
  { x: 420, y: 320 },
  { x: 200, y: 300 }
];

const signed = shoelaceArea(polygon);
const absArea = Math.abs(signed);
signed해석 (y-down SVG 좌표)
> 0한 방향 winding (보통 CCW 관례)
< 0반대 winding
≈ 0degenerate / collinear

데모 readout: shoelaceArea = … (signed), |area| = ….

곡선 path는 polygon으로

d에 곡선이 있으면 먼저 flatten:

import { parsePathD, flattenPathSegments, shoelaceArea } from "svg-matrix-core";

const points = flattenPathSegments(parsePathD(pathD), { stepsPerCurve: 24 });
const area = shoelaceArea(points);

정확 면적이 필요하면 adaptive flatten(052) 또는 해석 적분 — 편집기 UI “면적” 표시는 flatten 근사로 충분한 경우가 많습니다.

어디에 쓰이나

용도강의 / API
nonzero winding 판정 보조014, 025
hole 방향 맞추기100 triangulatePolygonWithHoles — hole이 outer와 같은 부호면 reverse
ear clip winding083 earClipTriangulate — shoelaceArea >= 0 → CCW 가정
compound path026 outer/hole CW·CCW
boolean 전처리028 — polygon 방향 정규화
// 100 내부 (개념)
const outerArea = shoelaceArea(outer);
const holeRing =
  shoelaceArea(hole) * outerArea > 0 ? hole.slice().reverse() : hole.slice();

vs classifyPointInPath

shoelaceclassify
질문“이 polygon 면적·방향?”“이 점이 안/밖?”
입력닫힌 vertex ringsegment[] + point

둘 다 winding 계열이지만 용도가 다릅니다.

데모에서 볼 것

  • 파란 사다리꼴 polygon
  • readout signed area — 꼭짓점 순서를 바꾸면(개념) 부호가 뒤집힘

Core API

  • shoelaceArea — geometry.js

관련

  • 026 compound · 083 ear · 100 holes

오늘의 핵심

면적·방향 = polygon algebra. 곡선은 flatten 후 shoelace — hole·triangulation 파이프의 숨은 의존성입니다.

최근 수정: 26. 5. 17. PM 4:35
Contributors: jinho.park.s3, Cursor
Prev
G¹ smooth — S와 T